NURS 531 Advanced Pharmacotherapeutics Exam 2 Study Guide
Exam 2 Study Guide
1. Mechanisms of cerebral injury (hypoxia, ischemia, increased ICP)
● Hypoxia / ischemia
○ Primary problem: reduced oxygen (hypoxia) and/or blood flow (ischemia) →
ATP depletion.
○ Cellular cascade: failure of Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase → Na⁺/water influx → cytotoxic
edema; Ca²⁺ influx →...